On the afternoon of April 29, 2020, the press conference of the Global Port Development Report (2019) (hereinafter referred to as the Report) and the keynote speech on port development of the expert forum series of Shanghai International Shipping Research Center (SISI) was held for the first time in the form of live video conference.
The conference was delivered by Zhen Hong, Secretary-General of Shanghai International Shipping Research Center and Professor of Shanghai Maritime University, who led the report preparation team. Zhao Nan, Assistant Secretary-General of SISI and Director of Port Development Research Institute, chaired the conference and released the Report.
In interpreting the report, Xie Wenqing, assistant director of SISI Port Development Research Institute, From 2019 global port development environment, production status and development in a global terminal operator, port investment for construction, India shipping policy and its influence on the development of the port, the port supply chain cross-border business cooperation pattern, the global terminal operators the ability to resist risk and investment, the global cruise port development trend analysis and so on eight aspects, made a detailed analysis about the content.
When talking about the development trend of global ports in 2020, Xie Wenqing believes that due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and the surge in shipping costs under low-sulfur oil, the growth rate of global economic and trade will fall significantly in 2020, and the growth rate of global port throughput may decline. Specific performance: Asian ports may face negative growth, American and European ports continue to decline, Australian port growth stagnation.
At the same time, the port investment market is depressed in the short term, which is specifically manifested as: the construction of Asian ports is relatively stable, the new round of construction of eastern ports in the United States will be shelved, the pace of Chinese port construction will gradually slow down, and the demand for automated terminal construction may be enhanced.
In terms of global terminal operators, the report sees a resurgence of consolidation, mainly due to terminal operators selling assets to promote consolidation. Judging from the capacity changes and operation conditions of major global terminal operators such as COSCO Shipping Ports, China Merchants Ports, DP World, Maersk Terminals, Singapore International PSA and Hutchison Ports, the growth rate of global terminal operators is generally positive.
When forecasting the development trend of port supply chain, Xie Wenqing said that in the future, more attention will be paid to the comprehensive customized service of customers. For customers, the biggest benefit from the integration of related services is a "seamless" logistics experience.
For the service provider, the wider the coverage of the service, the higher the service fee. And the upward and downstream extension of supply chain services also means more customized service solutions and wider customer groups.
At the same time, the port supply chain also shows a trend of online development. This not only provides convenience for the coordinated development, but also puts forward higher requirements for the response speed of logistics supply chain itself.
How to develop port supply chain in concert with cross-border e-commerce?
Xie Wenqing concluded that the essence of the coordinated development of port logistics supply chain and cross-border e-commerce is the deep integration of port industry facing the global logistics supply chain market.
Specifically, facing the inevitable trend of decentralization, order fragmentation and supply chain flattening, port supply chain must seize the opportunity of the "Internet of everything" era. In the future, cross-border trade can be provided with "end-to-end" logistics integration services through third-party cross-border e-commerce platforms.
Taking advantage of the agglomeration effect of e-commerce platform, port supply chain service providers need to extend insurance, banking and other service providers on the basis of combining ports, shipping companies, terminals, freight forwarders, warehousing, customs clearance and fleets, and develop a cross-border supply chain ecology. At the meeting, Professor Zhen Hong also shared with online guests on hot topics.
First, the development of port enterprises shows a trend of network layout in the direction of sea and land. Global terminal operators strengthen the control of sea port network and the layout of inland waterless ports, extending the port service function to the inland.
The second is to build a "process to process" connection, build a logistics supply chain with port as the core, and provide a "flexible service" port that is more responsive to changes in market demand.
Third, we will enhance the interconnected development of Hong Kong and the city. For example, at present, the harbor area has become an important support for port development, and the development mode of "port area + logistics park + harbor industrial park" can be built.
Fourth, the sustainable development mode of the port can be developed in the direction of "resource saving + environment friendly".
Fifth, to have full coverage of information and data collection capabilities, with advanced digital technology application capabilities of smart ports, will be the only way to the future development of ports.
It is learned that this series of reports was awarded the second prize of Science and Technology Progress by the China Port Association. In the Global Maritime Transport Report 2019 recently released by the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD), the relevant data of the Global Port Development Report 2018 were also cited.